Keyframes
Question
When positioned at table facing window, where can you find whiteboard? A. back-left B. front-right C. front-left D. back-right This question is from ViewSpatial-Bench. The task tests spatial localization either from the camera's own perspective or from another person's perspective in the scene. Multiple images may be different views of the same scene. Answer with a single option letter: A, B, C, or D.
Ground truth B. front-right
SpatialClaw B
Agent wins

No-tool Baseline

✗ Incorrect

To determine the position of the whiteboard relative to a person sitting at a table facing the window, we first need to establish the layout of the room based on the provided frames.

  1. Identify the Window Location: In the first few frames (e.g., Frame 1), windows are clearly visible on the right side of the room.
  2. Identify the Whiteboard Location: In the later frames (e.g., Frames 9, 10, and 11), the camera is facing a large whiteboard (or projection screen) on one of the walls.
  3. Determine the Spatial Relationship: In Frame 9, the camera is facing the whiteboard, and the lighting indicates that the windows are still to the right of the camera's view. This means the window wall and the whiteboard wall are adjacent (perpendicular to each other).
  4. Establish a Coordinate System:
    • Let the Window Wall be the East wall.
    • Let the Whiteboard Wall be the North wall (the "front" of the room).
  5. Position the Person: The person is "positioned at a table facing the window." This means they are facing East.
  6. Locate the Whiteboard relative to the Person:
    • The person is facing East.
    • The whiteboard is on the North wall.
    • Relative to someone facing East, North is to their left.
    • In a classroom or meeting room layout, the wall with the whiteboard is typically considered the "front" of the room.
    • Therefore, the whiteboard is located to the front-left of the person.

Final Answer: The whiteboard is to the left of the person (because they are facing the window wall) and at the front of the room.

C

Single-pass code

✗ Incorrect
Purpose
Identify the spatial relationship between the window and the whiteboard from the perspective of someone sitting at a table facing the window.
Reasoning
1. I need to locate the window and the whiteboard in the scene. 2. I will use `vlm.ask_with_thinking` to determine the layout of the room, specifically where the window and whiteboard are relative to each other. 3. I will then deduce the position of the whiteboard from the perspective of someone facing the window.
Next Goal
Determine the relative positions of the window and whiteboard.
Code
# I will use vlm.ask_with_thinking to analyze the room layout across the frames.
# I'll provide a selection of frames that show both the window and the whiteboard.
# Window is visible in early frames (0, 1), Whiteboard in later frames (8, 9, 10).
layout_answer = vlm.ask_with_thinking(
    InputImages[[0, 1, 4, 8, 10]], 
    "Analyze the room layout. Where is the window located relative to the whiteboard? "
    "For example, if you are facing the whiteboard, is the window to your left, right, or behind you? "
    "Also, describe the arrangement of the tables."
)
print(f"Room Layout Analysis: {layout_answer}")

# Based on the layout, I can answer the question: 
# 'When positioned at table facing window, where can you find whiteboard?'
# If facing window:
# - If window is North, and whiteboard is West -> Whiteboard is to the left.
# - If window is North, and whiteboard is East -> Whiteboard is to the right.
# - If window is North, and whiteboard is South -> Whiteboard is behind.
# I will use the VLM's analysis to make this determination.

# Let's also double check with a more specific question.
relative_pos = vlm.ask_with_thinking(
    InputImages[[0, 1, 4, 8, 10]], 
    "Imagine a person is sitting at one of the tables and is facing the window. "
    "Relative to that person, where is the whiteboard? (e.g., front-left, back-right, etc.)"
)
print(f"Relative Position: {relative_pos}")

# I'll use the results to return the answer.
# Since I must return the answer in this turn, I'll parse the results.
# I'll assume the VLM's logic is sound if consistent.
# If the VLM says the whiteboard is behind and to the left, it's back-left.
# Let's see the outputs first.
Error
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[93], line 5
      1 # I will use vlm.ask_with_thinking to analyze the room layout across the frames.
      2 # I'll provide a selection of frames that show both the window and the whiteboard.
      3 # Window is visible in early frames (0, 1), Whiteboard in later frames (8, 9, 10).
      4 layout_answer = vlm.ask_with_thinking(
----> 5     InputImages[[0, 1, 4, 8, 10]], 
      6     "Analyze the room layout. Where is the window located relative to the whiteboard? "
      7     "For example, if you are facing the whiteboard, is the window to your left, right, or behind you? "
      8     "Also, describe the arrangement of the tables."
      9 )
     10 print(f"Room Layout Analysis: {layout_answer}")
     12 # Based on the layout, I can answer the question: 
     13 # 'When positioned at table facing window, where can you find whiteboard?'
     14 # If facing window:
   (...)     19 
     20 # Let's also double check with a more specific question.

File SpatialAgent/spatial_agent/kernel_types/input_images.py:47, in InputImages.__getitem__(self, key)
     46 def __getitem__(self, key):
---> 47     result = super().__getitem__(key)
     48     if isinstance(key, slice):
     49         new = InputImages.__new__(InputImages)

TypeError: list indices must be integers or slices, not list
Final answer
A

Structured tool-call

✗ Incorrect
Plan

Task Analysis

The objective is to determine the position of a "whiteboard" relative to a person "positioned at table facing window". This is an Object Perspective spatial reasoning task.

Coordinate System Resolution: The reference frame is defined by a person's orientation:

  • Origin: The position of the table.
  • Front Vector ($\vec{v}_{front}$): The unit vector pointing from the table toward the window.
  • Right Vector ($\vec{v}_{right}$): The vector perpendicular to the front vector and the world-up vector (+Y), defining the person's right side.
  • Back: Opposite of the front vector.
  • Left: Opposite of the right vector.

The answer will be determined by projecting the vector from the table to the whiteboard onto the front and right axes.

Information Needs

To calculate the relative position quantitatively, I need:

  1. 3D World Coordinates: The centroids of the table, the window, and the whiteboard in a consistent global coordinate system.
  2. Visual Confirmation: Verification that the segmented objects are indeed the intended table, window, and whiteboard.
  3. Scene Layout: A top-down view (BEV) to sanity-check the calculated relative direction.

Computation Plan

  1. Scene Exploration and Object Identification:

    • Call show() on a few representative frames (e.g., InputImages[0], InputImages[5], InputImages[10]) to identify the visual appearance and approximate locations of the table, window, and whiteboard.
    • Use vlm.ask_with_thinking on these frames to confirm if all three objects are visible and to describe their general layout.
  2. Object Segmentation:

    • For each object ("table", "window", "whiteboard"):
      • Use vlm.locate to find a bounding box or center point in a frame where the object is clear.
      • Convert coordinates to pixels using tools.Geometry.normalized_to_pixel.
      • Use tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_box or tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_points to generate a PerFrameMask.
      • Verify the mask by calling seg.visualize(fi) and show() comparing it to the original image.
  3. 3D Reconstruction:

    • Perform a full scene reconstruction using tools.Reconstruct.Reconstruct(InputImages).
  4. Quantitative Spatial Calculation:

    • Extract the 3D centroids using seg.get_centroid_3d(recon, frame=fi, object=i) for the table, window, and whiteboard.
    • Define Reference Frame:
      • $\vec{P}{table}$, $\vec{P}{window}$, $\vec{P}_{whiteboard}$ are the 3D positions.
      • $\vec{v}{front} = \text{normalize}(\vec{P}{window} - \vec{P}_{table})$.
      • $\vec{v}_{up} = [0, 1, 0]$ (World Y-axis).
      • $\vec{v}{right} = \text{normalize}(\vec{v}{front} \times \vec{v}_{up})$.
    • Calculate Relative Position:
      • $\vec{v}{target} = \vec{P}{whiteboard} - \vec{P}_{table}$.
      • $\text{dot}{front} = \vec{v}{target} \cdot \vec{v}_{front}$.
      • $\text{dot}{right} = \vec{v}{target} \cdot \vec{v}_{right}$.
    • Determine Quadrant:
      • If $\text{dot}_{front} > 0 \to$ Front; else $\to$ Back.
      • If $\text{dot}_{right} > 0 \to$ Right; else $\to$ Left.
  5. Visual Cross-Validation:

    • Render a Bird's Eye View (BEV) using recon.render_bev(masks=combined_seg) where combined_seg contains masks for all three objects.
    • Use the BEV to visually verify if the whiteboard is in the calculated quadrant relative to the table-to-window axis.

Verification Checklist

[
  {"priority": "HIGH", "description": "Verify that the segmented 'table', 'window', and 'whiteboard' are the correct objects in the scene via show()"},
  {"priority": "HIGH", "description": "Confirm 3D centroids are not NaN and are physically plausible (e.g., table and whiteboard are on the ground plane)"},
  {"priority": "HIGH", "description": "Ensure the 'front' vector is correctly defined as Table -> Window"},
  {"priority": "MEDIUM", "description": "Cross-check the quantitative dot-product result with the rendered BEV layout"},
  {"priority": "LOW", "description": "Check if reconstruction quality is sufficient (e.g., consistent points across frames)"}
]

Fallbacks

  • Segmentation Failure: If SAM3 text prompts fail, I will use vlm.locate for precise bounding boxes. If an object is not found in one frame, I will search across all 11 frames.
  • Ambiguous Window: If there are multiple windows, I will use vlm.ask_with_thinking to determine which window is the primary one the person at the table would be facing.
  • Reconstruction Noise: If 3D centroids are unstable, I will average centroids across multiple frames where the object is visible.
Step 0
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Scene exploration and object identification.
Reasoning
I need to visually identify the "table", "window", and "whiteboard" to understand their relative positions before performing any segmentation or 3D reconstruction. I'll inspect frames that show different parts of the room: `InputImages[0]` for the window, `InputImages[5]` for the table layout, and `InputImages[10]` for the whiteboard.
Next Goal
Use `vlm.ask_with_thinking` to confirm the layout and identify the objects.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "show",
  "args": {
    "image": [
      "InputImages[0]",
      "InputImages[5]",
      "InputImages[10]"
    ]
  }
}
Execute
Output
 [image: show_0001] 
show_0001
Step 1
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Confirm the spatial layout of the table, window, and whiteboard.
Reasoning
I have a visual sense of the objects: the window is on one wall, the whiteboard is on another, and the table is in the center. To answer the question "When positioned at table facing window, where can you find whiteboard?", I need to establish the relative directions. I'll use `vlm.ask_with_thinking` to analyze the scene across the frames and determine the layout.
Next Goal
Determine the relative position of the whiteboard from the perspective of someone at the table facing the window.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "vlm.ask_with_thinking",
  "args": {
    "visual_input": [
      "InputImages[0]",
      "InputImages[5]",
      "InputImages[10]"
    ],
    "question": "Identify the window, the table, and the whiteboard. If a person is sitting at the table and facing the window, in which direction (front-left, front-right, back-left, back-right) is the whiteboard located? Please explain your reasoning by describing the layout of the room."
  }
}
Execute
Output
[VLM Q | thinking] Identify the window, the table, and the whiteboard. If a person is sitting at the table and facing the window, in which direction (front-left, front-right, back-left, back-right) is the whiteboard located? Please explain your reasoning by describing the layout of the room.
[VLM A | thinking] Based on the images:
*   The **window** is located on the right wall of the room (visible in frames 0 and 1).
*   The **table** is located in the center of the room (visible in frames 1 and 2).
*   The **whiteboard** (or projection screen) is located on the front wall of the room (visible in frame 2).

**Reasoning:**
The tables are oriented toward the front wall where the whiteboard is located. If a person is sitting at the table and facing the window (which is on the right wall), they have turned 90 degrees to the right from the front of the room. Consequently, the whiteboard on the front wall would be located to their **left**. Depending on their exact position at the table, it would be to their left (likely **front-left** or **back-left** relative to their facing direction).
Step 2
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Segment the window to find its 3D position.
Reasoning
To quantitatively determine the relative direction, I need the 3D centroid of the window. I'll start by getting its normalized coordinates in `InputImages[0]`, where it is clearly visible.
Next Goal
Convert normalized coordinates to pixels and segment the window using SAM3.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "vlm.locate",
  "args": {
    "visual_input": "InputImages[0]",
    "question": "Give the bounding box (x1, y1, x2, y2) in 0-1000 normalized scale for the window. Reply with ONLY the numbers."
  }
}
Execute
Output
[VLM Q | locate] Before answering, first check whether what the question describes is clearly visible in the provided image(s). If it is absent or ambiguous, reply EXACTLY `Not visible` on its own line (optionally followed by one short line explaining what you saw instead) — do NOT return coordinates in that case. Only if the requested target is clearly and unambiguously present, answer the request below.

Request: Give the bounding box (x1, y1, x2, y2) in 0-1000 normalized scale for the window. Reply with ONLY the numbers.
[VLM A | locate] Not visible
Two windows are present; selection is ambiguous.
Step 3
LLM · Tool Call
**Purpose**: Segment the window area to find its 3D position. **Reasoning**: The previous attempt failed because the VLM found multiple windows. I will now ask for a bounding box that encompasses the entire window area on the right wall in `InputImages[0]`. **Next Goal**: Convert the normalized coordinates to pixels and use SAM3 to segment the window. **Tool Call (translated)**: ```python result_3 = vlm.locate(visual_input=InputImages[0], question='Give the bounding box (x1, y1, x2, y2) in 0-1000 normalized scale for the area containing the windows on the right wall. Reply with ONLY the numbers.') ```
Step 4
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Segment the windows using a text prompt to avoid ambiguity.
Reasoning
The VLM failed to provide a single bounding box because there are multiple windows. Using `segment_image_by_text` will capture all instances of windows in the frame, allowing me to find a representative 3D position for the "window" direction.
Next Goal
Segment the table and the whiteboard.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_text",
  "args": {
    "image": "InputImages[0]",
    "prompt": "window",
    "label": "window"
  }
}
Step 5
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Segment the table to find its 3D position.
Reasoning
I need the 3D centroid of the table to define the origin of my reference frame. `InputImages[5]` provides a clear view of the table's extent.
Next Goal
Segment the whiteboard.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_text",
  "args": {
    "image": "InputImages[5]",
    "prompt": "table",
    "label": "table"
  }
}
Step 6
LLM · Tool Call
**Purpose**: Segment the whiteboard to find its 3D position. **Reasoning**: I need the 3D centroid of the whiteboard to determine its relative position from the table. `InputImages[10]` shows the whiteboard clearly. **Next Goal**: Perform 3D reconstruction of the scene. **Tool Call (translated)**: ```python result_6 = tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_text(image=InputImages[10], prompt='whiteboard', label='whiteboard') ```
Step 7
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Segment the whiteboard to find its 3D position.
Reasoning
I have already segmented the window and the table. Now I need the 3D centroid of the whiteboard to complete the set of positions required for the spatial calculation. `InputImages[10]` shows the whiteboard (or projection screen) clearly.
Next Goal
Perform 3D reconstruction of the scene.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_text",
  "args": {
    "image": "InputImages[10]",
    "prompt": "whiteboard",
    "label": "whiteboard"
  }
}
Step 8
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Perform 3D reconstruction of the scene.
Reasoning
To calculate the real-world relative positions of the table, window, and whiteboard, I need a consistent 3D coordinate system. I will reconstruct the scene using all 11 input images.
Next Goal
Extract 3D centroids for the segmented objects.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "tools.Reconstruct.Reconstruct",
  "args": {
    "frames": "InputImages"
  }
}
Step 9
LLM · Tool Call
**Purpose**: Extract 3D centroids for the window, table, and whiteboard. **Reasoning**: Now that I have the reconstruction and the segmentation masks, I can get the 3D centroids of these objects. I will use the absolute frame indices from the `PerFrameMask` objects to ensure correct mapping. **Next Goal**: Calculate the relative position of the whiteboard from the perspective of a person at the table facing the window. **Tool Call (translated)**: ```python # I need to get the centroids for each object. # Since I can only do one tool call per step, I will use a sequence of calls or a helper. # However, I can reference the results in a subsequent step. # I'll start with the window centroid. result_9 = result_4.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=result_4.frame_indices[0], object=0) ``` *(Self-correction: I can't do multiple assignments in one tool call. I'll do them one by one.)* **Tool Call (translated)**: ```json {"tool": "tools.Geometry.euclidean_distance", "args": {"p1": "result_9", "p2": "result_10"}} ``` *(Wait, I made a mistake in the tool call format. I'll restart this step properly.)* **Purpose**: Extract the 3D centroid of the window. **Reasoning**: I need the 3D position of the window to define the "front" vector (Table $\to$ Window). **Next Goal**: Extract the 3D centroid of the table. **Tool Call (translated)**: ```json {"tool": "tools.Reconstruct.Reconstruct", "args": {"frames": "InputImages"}} ``` *(Wait, I'm repeating myself. Let me just call the method on the result_4 object.)* **Purpose**: Extract the 3D centroid of the window. **Reasoning**: I need the 3D position of the window to get the window's location in world coordinates. **Next Goal**: Extract the 3D centroid of the table. **Tool Call (translated)**: ```json {"tool": "result_4.get_centroid_3d", "args": {"recon": "result_8", "frame": "result_4.frame_indices[0]", "object": 0}} ``` *(Wait, the `result_4.get_centroid_3d` is not a tool in the `tools` namespace. It is a method of the `PerFrameMask`
Step 10
LLM · Tool Call
**Purpose**: Extract 3D centroids for the window, table, and whiteboard. **Reasoning**: Now that I have the reconstruction and the masks, I can compute the 3D centroids of these objects. I'll use the absolute frame indices from each mask's `frame_indices` list. **Next Goal**: Compute the relative direction of the whiteboard from the perspective of someone at the table facing the window. **Tool Call (translated)**: ```python result_10 = [ result_4.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=result_4.frame_indices[0], object=0), result_5.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=result_5.frame_indices[0], object=0), result_7.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=result_7.frame_indices[0], object=0) ] ``` *Wait, the tool call format only allows one JSON object. I need to perform these in separate steps or use a method that returns a list. Since I cannot do multiple calls in one step, I will do them one by one.* **Corrected Tool Call**: ```json {"tool": "tools.Geometry.euclidean_distance", "args": {"p1": "result_4.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=result_4.frame_indices[0], object=0)", "p2": "result_5.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=result_5.frame_indices[0], object=0)"}} ``` *Self-correction: I should just get the centroids first. But the provided tools don't have a "get_all_centroids" tool. I need to a way to store them. I will use a sequence of calls.* **Actual Tool Call**: ```json {"tool": "show", "args": {"image": "result_4.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=result_4.frame_indices[0], object=0)"}} ``` *Wait, `show` is for images. I need a way to compute and see the values. I'll use a temporary tool call to just return the value.* **Revised Tool Call**: ```json {"tool": "tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_text", "args": {"image": "InputImages[0]", "prompt": "window", "label": "window"}} ``` *I am repeating myself. I've already segmented them. I will use a method call in an arg to return the value.* **Correct Tool Call**: ```json {"tool": "tools.Geometry.euclidean_distance", "args": {"p1":
Step 13
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Extract the 3D centroid of the table.
Reasoning
I need the 3D position of the table to serve as the origin for the relative spatial calculation. I will use the `get_centroid_3d` method of the `PerFrameMask` object produced for the table in `result_5`.
Next Goal
Extract the 3D centroid of the window.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "tools.Geometry.euclidean_distance",
  "args": {
    "p1": "result_5.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=5, object=0)",
    "p2": "result_5.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=5, object=0)"
  }
}
Step 14
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Extract the 3D centroid of the table.
Reasoning
To determine the relative position of the whiteboard, I first need the 3D coordinates of the table as the origin of the reference frame. I will use the `get_centroid_3d` method of the `PerFrameMask` object `result_5`.
Next Goal
Extract the 3D centroid of the window. **Tool Call (translated)**: ```json {"tool": "show", "args": {"image": "result_5.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=5, object=0)"}} ``` *(Self-correction: `show` is for images. I should just call the method and the result will be bound to `result_14`. However, the system requires a tool call. Since there is no `get_value` tool, I will use a tool that accepts the point as an argument or just call the method if the environment allows direct assignment. Actually, the prompt says "every step is a single structured tool call". If I want to store a value, I should use a tool. I'll use `tools.Geometry.euclidean_distance` with the same point twice to "capture" the point in the result if needed, or better, just call a tool that uses it. But the most direct way to get a value into `result_N` is to have a tool return it. I will use `tools.Geometry.euclidean_distance` to essentially "echo" the point by calculating distance to origin [0,0,0].)* Wait, I can just call the method in the `args` of another tool. Let's get the distance from the table to the window. **Corrected Tool Call**: ```json {"tool": "tools.Geometry.euclidean_distance", "args": {"p1": "result_5.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=5, object=0)", "p2": "result_4.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=0, object=0)"}} ``` Actually, I'll just get the centroids first. I'll use a dummy tool or just try to call the method. Since I must use a tool, I'll use `tools.Geometry.euclidean_distance` to verify the points are valid. Let's try to get the distance between table and window.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "tools.Geometry.euclidean_distance",
  "args": {
    "p1": "result_5.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=5, object=0)",
    "p2": "result_4.get_centroid_3d(result_8, frame=0, object=0)"
  }
}
Step 15
LLM · Tool Call
**Purpose**: Determine the relative position of the whiteboard from the perspective of a person at the table facing the window. **Reasoning**: I have segmented the window, table, and whiteboard and performed a 3D reconstruction. While I have the tools for 3D centroids, the most direct way to resolve the "front-left/back-left" ambiguity is to use the VLM's spatial reasoning across the frames, as the layout is relatively simple. The VLM previously identified the window on the right wall and the whiteboard on the front wall. If a person faces the window (right), the front wall is to their left. Looking at the table's position in `InputImages[5]`, the table is centered. A person facing the window would have the whiteboard to their left. Since the whiteboard spans much of the front wall, it would be to their left, and likely "front-left" if they are positioned towards the back of the table, or "back-left" if they are towards the front. However, usually, the "front" of the room is the primary orientation. Let's use `vlm.ask_with_thinking` to be precise about the quadrant. **Next Goal**: Get a definitive answer on the quadrant (front-left, back-left, etc.). **Tool Call (translated)**: ```json {"tool": "vlm.ask_with_thinking", "args": {"visual_input": ["InputImages[0]", "InputImages[5]", "InputImages[10]"], "question": "A person is sitting at the table and facing the window. Relative to this person's orientation (front = towards window, right = towards the wall opposite the whiteboard), is the whiteboard located in the front-left, back-left, front-right, or back-right quadrant? Please analyze the room layout carefully: the window is on one wall, the whiteboard is on another perpendicular wall, and the table is in the middle."}} ```
Step 16
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Determine the relative position of the whiteboard from the perspective of someone at the table facing the window.
Reasoning
I have identified the locations of the window (right wall), the table (center), and the whiteboard (front wall). If a person is sitting at the table and turns to face the window (right wall), the front wall (where the whiteboard is) will be to their left. Since the table is typically positioned in front of the whiteboard, the whiteboard would be to the person's left and slightly ahead or behind depending on their exact seat, but generally, the "front" of the room is the whiteboard wall. Given the options, "back-left" or "front-left" are candidates. Looking at the frames, the table extends towards the whiteboard. If you face the window, the whiteboard is to your left. Since the table is usually centered or slightly back from the whiteboard, the whiteboard is likely "front-left" or "back-left". Let's use the VLM to refine this based on the visual evidence.
Next Goal
Finalize the answer based on the room layout.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "vlm.ask_with_thinking",
  "args": {
    "visual_input": [
      "InputImages[0]",
      "InputImages[5]",
      "InputImages[10]"
    ],
    "question": "Based on these images, the window is on the right wall and the whiteboard is on the front wall. If a person is sitting at the table and facing the window, is the whiteboard to their front-left, back-left, front-right, or back-right? Consider the depth of the table relative to the whiteboard wall."
  }
}
Execute
Output
[VLM Q | thinking] Based on these images, the window is on the right wall and the whiteboard is on the front wall. If a person is sitting at the table and facing the window, is the whiteboard to their front-left, back-left, front-right, or back-right? Consider the depth of the table relative to the whiteboard wall.
[VLM A | thinking] If a person is sitting at the table and facing the window (which is on the right wall), the whiteboard (which is on the front wall) would be to their **front-left**.

Reasoning:
1. **Orientation:** Facing the window (right wall) means the person is facing right.
2. **Relative Position:** From this orientation, the front wall (where the whiteboard is located) is to the person's left.
3. **Room Layout:** Since the whiteboard is on the "front" wall of the room and is located to the person's left, it is to their front-left relative to the room's overall layout.
Step 17
LLM · Tool Call
Purpose
Finalize the answer based on the analyzed room layout and VLM reasoning.
Reasoning
1. **Object Locations**: The window is on the right wall, the whiteboard is on the front wall, and the table is in the center of the room. 2. **Reference Frame**: A person is positioned at the table facing the window (right wall). 3. **Relative Direction**: * Facing the window (Right wall) $\rightarrow$ Front = Right wall. * The whiteboard is on the Front wall (of the room). * Relative to someone facing the right wall, the front wall of the room is to their **left**. * The VLM in `result_16` analyzed the depth and layout, concluding that the whiteboard is located to the **front-left** of the person. This makes sense as the whiteboard is on the wall that meets the window wall, placing it in the leftward and forward-leftward direction relative to the person's facing. 4. **Conclusion**: The whiteboard is at the front-left.
Next Goal
Return the final answer.
Tool Call
{
  "tool": "ReturnAnswer",
  "args": {
    "answer": "C"
  }
}
Execute
Output
[ReturnAnswer] Answer submitted: C
Answer
C

SpaceTools

✗ Incorrect
Tool decision

🛠️ Decided to use 3 tool(s)

tool_calls
[
  {
    "name": "vlm__detect_one",
    "arguments": {
      "image_index": 1,
      "obj_name": "window"
    }
  },
  {
    "name": "vlm__detect_one",
    "arguments": {
      "image_index": 8,
      "obj_name": "whiteboard"
    }
  },
  {
    "name": "vlm__detect_one",
    "arguments": {
      "image_index": 8,
      "obj_name": "table"
    }
  }
]
Tool call

⚡ Executing vlm__detect_one...

tool_name
vlm__detect_one
arguments
{
  "image_index": 1,
  "obj_name": "window"
}
Tool result

✅ vlm__detect_one completed (with generated image)

tool_name
vlm__detect_one
result
Detected 1 instance(s) of 'window': [(0.882, 0.172)] Use $window_detections to reference them.
Tool call

⚡ Executing vlm__detect_one...

tool_name
vlm__detect_one
arguments
{
  "image_index": 8,
  "obj_name": "whiteboard"
}
Tool result

✅ vlm__detect_one completed (with generated image)

tool_name
vlm__detect_one
result
Detected 1 instance(s) of 'whiteboard': [(0.514, 0.1)] Use $whiteboard_detections to reference them.
Tool call

⚡ Executing vlm__detect_one...

tool_name
vlm__detect_one
arguments
{
  "image_index": 8,
  "obj_name": "table"
}
Tool result

✅ vlm__detect_one completed (with generated image)

tool_name
vlm__detect_one
result
Detected 1 instance(s) of 'table': [(0.32, 0.408)] Use $table_detections to reference them.
Synthesizing

🧠 Synthesizing results from 3 tool(s)...

Reasoning

Based on the provided images, we can determine the spatial relationship between the key objects:

  1. Window Location: The window is on the right wall of the room (seen in Image 2).
  2. Table Layout: There is a U-shaped table arrangement in the center of the room.
  3. Whiteboard Location: The whiteboard is located on the wall opposite the window area, behind the open end of the U-shaped table (seen in Images 9-11).

Spatial Perspective Analysis:

  • If you are positioned at the table facing the window, you are looking towards the right wall.
  • From this orientation, the "front" is where you are facing (towards the window).
  • The "back" is behind you.
  • The whiteboard is located on the wall that would be to your back-left when facing the window.

Therefore, when positioned at the table facing the window, the whiteboard is to your back-left.

A. back-left

Final answer

Based on the provided images, we can determine the spatial relationship between the key objects:

  1. Window Location: The window is on the right wall of the room (seen in Image 2).
  2. Table Layout: There is a U-shaped table arrangement in the center of the room.
  3. Whiteboard Location: The whiteboard is located on the wall opposite the window area, behind the open end of the U-shaped table (seen in Images 9-11).

Spatial Perspective Analysis:

  • If you are positioned at the table facing the window, you are looking towards the right wall.
  • From this orientation, the "front" is where you are facing (towards the window).
  • The "back" is behind you.
  • The whiteboard is located on the wall that would be to your back-left when facing the window.

Therefore, when positioned at the table facing the window, the whiteboard is to your back-left.

A. back-left

Final response

Based on the provided images, we can determine the spatial relationship between the key objects:

  1. Window Location: The window is on the right wall of the room (seen in Image 2).
  2. Table Layout: There is a U-shaped table arrangement in the center of the room.
  3. Whiteboard Location: The whiteboard is located on the wall opposite the window area, behind the open end of the U-shaped table (seen in Images 9-11).

Spatial Perspective Analysis:

  • If you are positioned at the table facing the window, you are looking towards the right wall.
  • From this orientation, the "front" is where you are facing (towards the window).
  • The "back" is behind you.
  • The whiteboard is located on the wall that would be to your back-left when facing the window.

Therefore, when positioned at the table facing the window, the whiteboard is to your back-left.

A. back-left

SpatialClaw

✓ Correct
Plan

Task Analysis

The goal is to determine the position of a "whiteboard" relative to a person "positioned at table facing window." This is a spatial localization task from an object-centric perspective.

Implicit Coordinate System: The question specifies a reference person's perspective:

  • Reference Position: At the table.
  • Reference Orientation (Front): Facing the window.
  • Reference Axis (Front/Back): The vector from the table to the window defines "Front." The opposite direction is "Back."
  • Reference Axis (Left/Right): Perpendicular to the Front/Back axis, relative to the person's facing direction.

The target variable is the relative direction (combination of Front/Back and Left/Right) of the whiteboard from this reference frame.

Information Needs

  1. Object Identification: Locate the table, window, and whiteboard in the images.
  2. 3D Localization: Obtain the 3D world coordinates (centroids) of the table, window, and whiteboard.
  3. Scene Layout: A top-down (BEV) view to visually verify the relative positions of these three entities.
  4. Perspective Vector: The vector from the table to the window to establish the "Front" direction.

Computation Plan

  1. Object Discovery and Segmentation:

    • Use vlm.ask_with_thinking across all frames to identify which frames clearly show the table, the window, and the whiteboard.
    • Use tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_text to create masks for "table", "window", and "whiteboard" in the identified frames.
    • Verification: Use show() to visually inspect the segmentation masks overlaid on the images to ensure they are correct and non-empty.
  2. 3D Reconstruction:

    • Perform 3D reconstruction using tools.Reconstruct.Reconstruct(InputImages) (all 11 frames).
    • Extract the 3D centroids for the three objects using seg.get_centroid_3d(recon, ...) from the verified masks.
      • $P_{table}$: Centroid of the table.
      • $P_{window}$: Centroid of the window.
      • $P_{whiteboard}$: Centroid of the whiteboard.
  3. Reference Frame Construction:

    • Compute the Front Vector: $\vec{v}{front} = \text{normalize}(P{window} - P_{table})$.
    • Compute the Right Vector: Use the cross product of the front vector and the world-up vector $[0, 1, 0]$. $\vec{v}{right} = \vec{v}{front} \times [0, 1, 0]$.
    • Define the Back Vector: $\vec{v}{back} = -\vec{v}{front}$.
    • Define the Left Vector: $\vec{v}{left} = -\vec{v}{right}$.
  4. Relative Position Calculation:

    • Compute the Target Vector: $\vec{v}{target} = P{whiteboard} - P_{table}$.
    • Determine Front/Back: Calculate the dot product $\text{dot}(\vec{v}{target}, \vec{v}{front})$.
      • Positive $\rightarrow$ Front
      • Negative $\rightarrow$ Back
    • Determine Left/Right: Calculate the dot product $\text{dot}(\vec{v}{target}, \vec{v}{right})$.
      • Positive $\rightarrow$ Right
      • Negative $\rightarrow$ Left
  5. Visual Cross-Validation:

    • Render a BEV plot using recon.render_bev(masks=seg) including all three objects.
    • Use show() to inspect the BEV. Manually verify if the whiteboard's position relative to the table-window axis matches the computed result.
    • Use vlm.ask_with_thinking on the original frames to confirm the qualitative layout (e.g., "If a person is at the table facing the window, is the whiteboard behind them or in front of them?").

Verification Checklist

[
  {"priority": "HIGH", "description": "Verify that the table, window, and whiteboard are correctly segmented and identified in the images."},
  {"priority": "HIGH", "description": "Confirm that the 3D centroids are physically plausible and not NaN."},
  {"priority": "HIGH", "description": "Ensure the 'Front' vector is correctly defined as the direction from the table to the window."},
  {"priority": "MEDIUM", "description": "Cross-check the quantitative dot-product results with the BEV visualization."},
  {"priority": "MEDIUM", "description": "Verify the result with a qualitative VLM assessment of the scene layout."}
]

Fallbacks

  • Segmentation Failure: If segment_image_by_text fails or produces empty masks, use vlm.locate to get bounding boxes for the objects and use tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_box.
  • Reconstruction Noise: If 3D centroids are unstable, average the centroids across multiple frames where the objects are visible using np.median.
  • Ambiguous Window: If the window is very large, use the point on the window closest to the table to define the facing direction.
Step 0
LLM
Purpose
Identify the best frames for segmenting the table, window, and whiteboard.
Reasoning
To get accurate 3D centroids, I need clear views of the target objects. I will use `vlm.ask_with_thinking` to analyze all 11 frames and determine which ones provide the best visibility for the table, window, and whiteboard.
Next Goal
Segment the identified objects in the best frames and verify the masks.
Execute
Code
# Identify best frames for table, window, and whiteboard
question = "Which frames clearly show the following objects: 'table', 'window', and 'whiteboard'? Please list the frame indices (0-10) for each."
answer = vlm.ask_with_thinking(InputImages, question)
print(answer)
Output
[VLM Q | thinking] Which frames clearly show the following objects: 'table', 'window', and 'whiteboard'? Please list the frame indices (0-10) for each.
[VLM A | thinking] The objects are clearly visible in the following frames:
- table: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
- window: 0, 1
- whiteboard: 8, 9, 10
The objects are clearly visible in the following frames:
- table: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
- window: 0, 1
- whiteboard: 8, 9, 10
Step 1
LLM
Purpose
Segment the table, window, and whiteboard in the identified frames and verify the masks.
Reasoning
I will use the frames suggested by the VLM to segment the target objects. Frame 0 is good for the window, frame 5 for the table, and frame 9 for the whiteboard. I'll then visualize these masks to ensure they are accurate before proceeding to 3D reconstruction.
Next Goal
Perform 3D reconstruction and extract centroids for the objects.
Execute
Code
# Select frames for segmentation
f_window = 0
f_table = 5
f_whiteboard = 9

# Segment objects
seg_window = tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_text(InputImages[f_window], "window", label="window")
seg_table = tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_text(InputImages[f_table], "table", label="table")
seg_whiteboard = tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_text(InputImages[f_whiteboard], "whiteboard", label="whiteboard")

# Verify masks
vis_window = seg_window.visualize(seg_window.frame_indices[0])
vis_table = seg_table.visualize(seg_table.frame_indices[0])
vis_whiteboard = seg_whiteboard.visualize(seg_whiteboard.frame_indices[0])

show([
    InputImages[f_window], vis_window,
    InputImages[f_table], vis_table,
    InputImages[f_whiteboard], vis_whiteboard
])

# Programmatic check for empty masks
for seg, label in [(seg_window, "window"), (seg_table, "table"), (seg_whiteboard, "whiteboard")]:
    fi = seg.frame_indices[0]
    mask = seg.get_mask(frame=fi, object=0)
    area = mask.sum()
    print(f"{label} mask area: {area} pixels")
Output
 [image: show_0001] 
window mask area: 22271 pixels
table mask area: 31715 pixels
whiteboard mask area: 7895 pixels
show_0001
Condense · step 2
**Purpose**: Perform 3D reconstruction of the scene and refine the whiteboard segmentation. **Reasoning**: [errored — condensed] **Next Goal**: [errored — condensed] **Code**: ```python # 1. Perform 3D Reconstruction recon = tools.Reconstruct.Reconstruct(InputImages) # 2. Refine Whiteboard Mask in frame 9 f_whiteboard = 9 img_wb = InputImages[f_whiteboard] W, H = img_wb.width, img_wb.height # Get bounding box for the whiteboard wb_box_norm = vlm.locate(img_wb, "Give the bounding box (x1, y1, x2, y2) in 0-1000 normalized scale for the large white board on the wall. Reply with ONLY the numbers.") print(f"Whiteboard normalized box: {wb_box_norm}") # Convert to pixels wb_box_px = tools.Geometry.normalized_to_pixel(eval(wb_box_norm), W, H) # <-- ERROR # Security violation: Forbidden builtin call: 'eval()'. This operation is not allowed. ```
Step 3
LLM
Purpose
Perform 3D reconstruction and refine the whiteboard segmentation using a bounding box.
Reasoning
The previous whiteboard segmentation was too broad, capturing parts of the wall. I will use `vlm.locate` to get a precise bounding box, parse the result manually (avoiding `eval()`), and use `tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_box` for a cleaner mask. I will also perform the 3D reconstruction to prepare for centroid extraction.
Next Goal
Extract 3D centroids for the table, window, and whiteboard and compute the relative direction.
Execute
Code
# 1. Perform 3D Reconstruction
recon = tools.Reconstruct.Reconstruct(InputImages)

# 2. Refine Whiteboard Mask in frame 9
f_whiteboard = 9
img_wb = InputImages[f_whiteboard]
W, H = img_wb.width, img_wb.height

# Get bounding box for the whiteboard
wb_box_str = vlm.locate(img_wb, "Give the bounding box (x1, y1, x2, y2) in 0-1000 normalized scale for the large white board on the wall. Reply with ONLY the numbers.")
print(f"Whiteboard normalized box string: {wb_box_str}")

# Parse the string into a list of integers
try:
    wb_box_norm = [int(x.strip()) for x in wb_box_str.split(',')]
except ValueError:
    # Fallback if there are other characters in the string
    import re
    wb_box_norm = [int(x) for x in re.findall(r'\d+', wb_box_str)]

# Convert to pixels
wb_box_px = tools.Geometry.normalized_to_pixel(wb_box_norm, W, H)
print(f"Whiteboard pixel box: {wb_box_px}")

# Segment using the box
seg_whiteboard_refined = tools.SAM3.segment_image_by_box(img_wb, wb_box_px, label="whiteboard")

# Verify the refined mask
vis_wb_refined = seg_whiteboard_refined.visualize(seg_whiteboard_refined.frame_indices[0])
show([img_wb, vis_wb_refined])

# Programmatic check
fi_wb = seg_whiteboard_refined.frame_indices[0]
wb_area = seg_whiteboard_refined.get_mask(frame=fi_wb, object=0).sum()
print(f"Refined whiteboard mask area: {wb_area} pixels")
Output
[VLM Q | locate] Before answering, first check whether what the question describes is clearly visible in the provided image(s). If it is absent or ambiguous, reply EXACTLY `Not visible` on its own line (optionally followed by one short line explaining what you saw instead) — do NOT return coordinates in that case. Only if the requested target is clearly and unambiguously present, answer the request below.

Request: Give the bounding box (x1, y1, x2, y2) in 0-1000 normalized scale for the large white board on the wall. Reply with ONLY the numbers.
[VLM A | locate] 252 0 801 202
Whiteboard normalized box string: 252 0 801 202
Whiteboard pixel box: [193.536, 0.0, 615.168, 116.352]
 [image: show_0002] 
Refined whiteboard mask area: 39621 pixels
show_0002
Step 4
LLM
Purpose
Extract 3D centroids for the table, window, and whiteboard, and compute the relative position of the whiteboard from the table facing the window.
Reasoning
I will use the previously verified masks to get 3D centroids from the reconstruction. Then, I'll establish the reference coordinate system where "Front" is the vector from the table to the window. By projecting the vector from the table to the whiteboard onto the "Front" and "Right" axes, I can determine if the whiteboard is in front/back and left/right of the person.
Next Goal
Visually cross-validate the result with a BEV plot and a qualitative VLM check before returning the final answer.
Execute
Code
# 1. Get 3D Centroids
# Table (from frame 5)
fi_table = seg_table.frame_indices[0]
p_table = seg_table.get_centroid_3d(recon, frame=fi_table, object=0)

# Window (from frame 0)
fi_window = seg_window.frame_indices[0]
p_window = seg_window.get_centroid_3d(recon, frame=fi_window, object=0)

# Whiteboard (from frame 9)
fi_wb = seg_whiteboard_refined.frame_indices[0]
p_whiteboard = seg_whiteboard_refined.get_centroid_3d(recon, frame=fi_wb, object=0)

print(f"P_table: {p_table}")
print(f"P_window: {p_window}")
print(f"P_whiteboard: {p_whiteboard}")

# 2. Reference Frame Construction
# Front vector: from table to window
v_front = p_window - p_table
v_front_norm = v_front / np.linalg.norm(v_front)

# Right vector: Front x Up [0, 1, 0]
v_up = np.array([0, 1, 0])
v_right = np.cross(v_front_norm, v_up)
v_right_norm = v_right / np.linalg.norm(v_right)

# 3. Relative Position Calculation
v_target = p_whiteboard - p_table

dot_front = np.dot(v_target, v_front_norm)
dot_right = np.dot(v_target, v_right_norm)

front_back = "front" if dot_front > 0 else "back"
left_right = "right" if dot_right > 0 else "left"

print(f"Dot Front: {dot_front:.3f} ({front_back})")
print(f"Dot Right: {dot_right:.3f} ({left_right})")
print(f"Relative Position: {front_back}-{left_right}")
Output
P_table: [-1.3598428   1.2031621  -0.76202554]
P_window: [ 0.9969112  1.7155263 -0.8370082]
P_whiteboard: [-0.71387523  0.50180614  2.120764  ]
Dot Front: 0.392 (front)
Dot Right: 2.902 (right)
Relative Position: front-right
Step 5
LLM
Purpose
Visually cross-validate the relative position of the whiteboard using a BEV plot and a qualitative VLM check.
Reasoning
The quantitative result "front-right" seems slightly ambiguous because the dot product with the front vector is relatively small compared to the right vector. I want to see the top-down layout to confirm if the whiteboard is truly in front of the person (facing the window) or actually behind them. A BEV plot will show the relative positions of the table, window, and whiteboard clearly.
Next Goal
Finalize the answer based on the combined evidence.
Execute
Code
# Create a combined segmentation for BEV
# Since SAM3 masks are per-frame, we can combine them into a list or a dictionary
# for render_bev if we provide the masks and labels.
# However, render_bev takes a PerFrameMask or (N, N_obj, H, W) array.
# I'll just use the existing masks and a list of labels.

# To use render_bev, I need masks for the same set of frames.
# I'll create a simple mask array for the reconstructed frames.
num_frames = recon.num_frames
H, W = recon.depth[recon.frame_indices[0]].shape
masks_bev = np.zeros((num_frames, 3, H, W), dtype=bool)
labels_bev = ["table", "window", "whiteboard"]

# Fill in the masks from our previous segmentations
# Note: we must map the absolute frame index to the local index in recon.frame_indices
frame_to_local = {fi: i for i, fi in enumerate(recon.frame_indices)}

# Table
fi_t = seg_table.frame_indices[0]
if fi_t in frame_to_local:
    masks_bev[frame_to_local[fi_t], 0] = seg_table.get_mask(frame=fi_t, object=0)

# Window
fi_w = seg_window.frame_indices[0]
if fi_w in frame_to_local:
    masks_bev[frame_to_local[fi_w], 1] = seg_window.get_mask(frame=fi_w, object=0)

# Whiteboard
fi_wb = seg_whiteboard_refined.frame_indices[0]
if fi_wb in frame_to_local:
    masks_bev[frame_to_local[fi_wb], 2] = seg_whiteboard_refined.get_mask(frame=fi_wb, object=0)

# Render BEV
bev_vis = recon.render_bev(masks=masks_bev, labels=labels_bev)
show(bev_vis)

# Qualitative VLM check
vlm_q = "Look at the images. If a person is sitting at the table and facing the window, where is the whiteboard located relative to them? (e.g., front-left, back-right, etc.)"
vlm_a = vlm.ask_with_thinking(InputImages, vlm_q)
print(f"VLM Qualitative Answer: {vlm_a}")
Output
 [image: show_0003] 
[VLM Q | thinking] Look at the images. If a person is sitting at the table and facing the window, where is the whiteboard located relative to them? (e.g., front-left, back-right, etc.)
[VLM A | thinking] Based on the visual information across the frames:

1.  The **windows** are located on the right wall of the room (as seen in frames 0-4).
2.  The **whiteboard** is located on the wall opposite the camera's view in frames 8-10, which is perpendicular to the window wall.
3.  If a person is sitting at the table and facing the window (facing right), the whiteboard on the adjacent wall would be located to their **left**.
VLM Qualitative Answer: Based on the visual information across the frames:

1.  The **windows** are located on the right wall of the room (as seen in frames 0-4).
2.  The **whiteboard** is located on the wall opposite the camera's view in frames 8-10, which is perpendicular to the window wall.
3.  If a person is sitting at the table and facing the window (facing right), the whiteboard on the adjacent wall would be located to their **left**.
show_0003
Step 6
LLM
Purpose
Finalize the answer based on the combined quantitative and visual evidence.
Reasoning
1. **Quantitative Evidence**: - The reference "Front" vector is defined as the direction from the table to the window. - The target vector is the direction from the table to the whiteboard. - The dot product of the target vector with the normalized front vector is positive ($\approx 0.392$), indicating the whiteboard is in **front** of the person. - The dot product of the target vector with the normalized right vector (calculated as $\vec{v}_{front} \times [0, 1, 0]$) is strongly positive ($\approx 2.902$), indicating the whiteboard is to the **right** of the person. 2. **Visual Evidence (BEV)**: - In the BEV plot, the table is at approximately $(-1, 1)$ and the window is at $(1, 1)$. Facing the window means facing in the $+X$ direction. - The whiteboard is located at approximately $(0, -2)$. - Relative to the table, the whiteboard is at $\Delta X = +1$ (Front) and $\Delta Y = -3$. - In a top-down view, if one faces $+X$, the $-Y$ direction is to their right. - This confirms the "front-right" position. 3. **Cross-Validation**: The quantitative result and the BEV analysis are consistent. The qualitative VLM answer ("left") contradicts both the metric data and the BEV layout, likely due to an incorrect assumption about the room's orientation in the 2D frames. I trust the 3D reconstruction and BEV. The whiteboard is located to the front-right of a person at the table facing the window.
Next Goal
Return the final answer.
Execute
Code
ReturnAnswer("B")
Output
[ReturnAnswer] Answer submitted: B
Answer
B
Evaluation
Ground truth: B. front-right · Agent: B